Saturday, March 31, 2012

Canada's 2012 Federal Budget Announcement: Quit Your Job

"QUIT YOUR JOB.
Tell YOUR Boss to Kiss your ASS.
You want to be an Artist.
You want to live your life, be free,
listen to your inner self, and follow your dreams.
Now ask yourself if you have to strength, courage, determination
to believe in yourself.
After all... who needs money for food, housing, pension...
Next time you see an Artist... Give them a HUG."

I notice the artist Patrick John Mills had the "Quit Your Job" posters up around town to coincide with the Government of Canada's 2012 Budget Announcement !!!!

Well, maybe some public servants will indeed tell their bosses to Kiss My Ass and turn themselves into artists or curators (Ottawa's Cube Gallery is a success story that comes into mind).

But I do hope the "pink-slips" will not shrink the size of potential art buyers in the national capital region market, even tho artists can reportedly survive on just water and sunshine :O

Note: Here in Canada, an employee will receive a "pink slip" when his/her employment is to be terminated.

Friday, March 23, 2012

籍貫: 中國廣東省順德縣水藤鄕 / Place of Origin: Shunde, Province of Canton

以前讀幼稚園和小學的時候,老師都要學生們填寫「籍貫」一項,我以為那是「香港」,但父親解釋説,學校査詢「籍貫」,即是想知道我們家族的「鄕下」,不是問我們的「出生地」。那時我還是不明白什麼是「籍貫」,不過既然老父説「中國廣東省順德縣水藤鄕」是我們的「鄕下」,那我就照填可也。

多年來我重未返過「鄕下」,也不知道我們家族在順德縣的淵源。因為我的曾祖母是塡房,年少守寡之後被「大婆」親屬逐出家門,所以什麼族譜記録都是全靠一代傳一代的口授,戰乱走難之後,我們有関鄕下家族的記憶就更加是所餘無幾了。

以下是我最近在網上找到有關「鄕下」的資料,雖然和我個人生活沒有聯系,但總算也是一個記録。

順德華僑華人歷史溯源 - 歐陽世昌

明景泰三年四月二十七日(1452年5月16日),朝廷把當時隸屬南海縣的東涌、馬寧、西淋、鼎安4都37堡及新會的白藤堡劃出,設置順德縣。順德建縣距今只有550多年的歷史。而順德人僑居外國的歷史,卻比順德建縣的歷史還要長。

1433年(明宣德八年),三寶太監鄭和最後一次下西洋,完成了中國封建王朝航海史上的空前壯舉。相傳當時下西洋的龐大船隊在廣州停泊時,一面補充糧水,一面招募差役,於是有一名水藤人應募。這就是第一個飄洋過海到異國的順德人。但當時還未設置順德縣,水藤還是屬於南海縣轄區。而且,明初厲行海禁,鄭和下西洋的使命之一,正是針對南洋華僑,招誘海外流民返國,鎮壓被朝廷認為是嘯聚一方而又不受招撫的華僑。所以,當時即使有水藤人應募差,也只是做一名下西洋航程中的差役,而根本不可能成為真正的僑民。

溯源順德人僑居外國的歷史,竟然與反抗明王朝的農民起義密切相關。

明正統十四年(1449年),南海衝鶴堡(今屬順德勒流)的黃蕭養,在家鄉招兵舉義,打造武器和戰船,遠近貧民紛紛響應。不足一個月,造好了戰船150艘,隊伍也擴展到一萬多人。六月中旬,黃蕭養率領隊伍祭旗誓師,宣佈起義。之後,義軍攻佔了大良,建立了根據地。然後,分兵兩路進攻佛山。八月底,黃蕭養親自率領戰船攻打廣州,在沙角尾擊潰率部前來增援的明朝副總兵王清,聲威大振。黃蕭養於是自立為“順民天王”,建都大良。前來投奔義軍的人馬源源不斷,隊伍很快就擴充到10多萬人。明景泰元年(1450年),義軍接連受挫。波蘿廟、白蜆殼一戰,義軍損失很重,最後被包圍在白鵝潭江面。混戰中,黃蕭養中箭落水被擒,不屈而死。

黃蕭養起義失敗後,明王朝大舉清鄉,嚴緝起義者,鄉民義兵大批外逃。為了逃避朝廷的捕,水藤鄉的一群村民和義兵背井離鄉,外出逃亡。在走投無路的情況下,冒險乘船沿南中國海邊緣航行,漂流輾轉至印度登陸,以出賣勞動力為生,並繁衍至今。這是迄今所知順德第一批真正的華僑。

明清時期,朝廷主要實行海禁政策,禁止民人通販外洋,移居國外,甚至不惜用極端手段對民人遷徙嚴加限制,他們視留居國外的華僑為“賤民”、“無賴”、“漢奸”、“匪盜”。清順治初年,為了鞏固對沿海地區的統治,朝廷不惜推行殘酷的遷界令,將沿海居民內徙,甚至把沿海村鎮夷為廢墟。康熙初年,順德也遭受遷界令之災。當時桂洲等地村民被清兵強行拆屋,掠奪財物,驅趕內遷,以致流離失所,死亡枕藉。那時,冒險出洋者,會被處以重罪,甚至以通賊論死。即使是放鬆海禁之時,朝廷還是對出洋之人疑心重重,採取諸多措施加以防範,不僅千方百計防止民人出國,而且對華僑歸國也限制多多。封建社會的閉關鎖國政策、專制政治制度的重重壓迫、農民起義的風起雲湧,驅使一批又一批社會低下階層者曆盡艱辛飄洋過海,甚至冒死出國,以謀求生存和發展。

順德人早期僑居外國,其原因主要有避禍、謀生與逃難幾種:

一是避禍。

前面說到,順德第一批華僑,是黃蕭養起義失敗後為了逃避朝廷的緝捕而逃亡海外的。1850年,爆發了由洪秀全領導的大規模農民起義,順德青年農民成群結隊奔向起義隊伍。1864年天京陷落,太平天國敗亡,沒戰死的太平軍官兵陸續逃回家鄉,但不久又遭到清兵的搜捕。為免遭清兵毒手,不少順德青年又被迫逃亡海外。光緒十年(1884年),沙滘良教沙農民霍基(即曾任模里西斯國會議員和首都路易斯港市市長霍恩祺的祖父)、蔣勝等十多人因反抗官府遭搜捕而亡命模里西斯 Mauritius/Chinese Mauritian。宣統三年(1911年),“三·二九”廣州起義失敗後,又有大批順德籍的民軍成員逃亡海外,僅投靠馬來西亞邑僑霍三(良教沙人,在當地開錫礦)的就達百人之多。

二是謀生。

清朝前期起,陸續有邑人出國謀生。鴉片戰爭前,已有眾多的順德人在東南亞國家(如新坡、馬來亞、越南、泰國等)僑居。如康熙年間,大都鄉民梁昌五跟隨老闆前往馬來亞經商;乾隆二十二年(1757年),沙滘東村霍蝦的曾祖父往越南,熹涌陳觀賜往暹羅(泰國)。隨著鴉片戰爭的失敗,清政府閉關鎖國的政策被打破,加上要向外國賠款,百姓飽受壓榨之苦,經濟愈加不景。於是,順德人出國謀生者日增。從19世紀40年代起,前往美洲、非洲和東南亞各國的邑人絡繹不絕,出現了第一次順德人移民外國的高潮。如道光二十年(1840年),沙滘東村陳寧到模里西斯;第二年,沙滘東村陳錦河的曾祖父到美國。

道光二十八年(1848年),盛傳美國加州發現金礦,邑人聞訊,更激起向外尋找出路的慾望,紛紛籌措資金經香港乘船而往。當時前往美國的順德鄉民有500多人,大部分是貧苦農民,以現今樂從、龍江、陳村、均安等地鄉民居多。當時從香港乘三支桅帆船往美國舊金山的航程,快則兩三個月,慢則半年。倘若遇到大風大浪,沉船慘劇時有發生。加上生活條件十分惡劣,衛生設施又很差,航程中很容易遭遇疾病蔓延,死於途中的不計其數。1868年,均安沙頭鄉五顯坊的黃作彥、黃廣銳、黃君沛三人,在鄉籌措資金,曆盡艱辛,經香港乘船抵達美國舊山,在金礦因工作操勞過度,不久就有兩人客死異鄉。自此,沙頭鄉很少有人遠赴美國謀生。

光緒十六年(1890年),沙滘陳敖(1852~1938)從模里西斯輾轉抵達馬達加斯加。不久,陳良讓等10多人也相繼到達馬達加斯加。陳敖是第一個抵達馬達加斯加的順德人。他自幼出洋謀生,先是在模里西斯經商,後來打算向西拓展。1890年,他與一個義大利朋友乘船西渡,在馬達加斯加東北部海岸登陸,後來南遷浸馬鄒(Tamatava)港,用帶去的幾包白糖煮制糖彈條,零沽發售。由於陳敖經營有方,又能與土人融洽相處,生意漸漸興旺起來。站穩腳跟後,他又呼朋引類,源源而至。

19世紀下半葉,一些不法商人到中國南方的沿海地區,打著招工的牌子,誘騙華工簽訂苛刻的契約,用船販運到西方殖民地,再轉手賣給種植園主或礦主,從中收取高額佣金。這種被苦力販子拐賣出洋的契約華工,粵人俗稱“豬仔”。僱主買到“豬仔”後,與“豬仔”簽訂償債期限契約,期限之內,“豬仔”沒有自由可言,被迫從事繁重的體力勞動。不少人因不堪折磨而慘死於異國他鄉。而且,在行程數十天的販運途中,“豬仔”被囚于空氣混濁、擁擠不堪的船艙裏,因病致死或因虐待致死的慘劇時有發生。“賣豬仔”堪稱出國華工的一段血淚斑斑的慘痛歷史。據載,同治十年(1871年),倫教羊額何家禧就被“賣豬仔”到馬來亞怡保。至於順德還有多少契約華工被“賣豬仔”的,由於沒有記載,我們不得而知。但肯定不會只得一個何家禧。

在出洋謀生的順德人中,有不少年輕女性,其中大部分是到東南亞國家。順德女性到東南亞國家謀生有著悠久的歷史。早在1886年,均安沙頭村的黃銀歡、黃潤金、黃就算三位少女,聽說到新加坡做工雖然只得數元月薪,但也能積蓄支援家庭,於是結伴經香港乘船前往。那時,從香港乘船遠渡重洋到新加坡,需要半個多月的時間。幾個年輕女子,背井離鄉,遠別親人,隻身到異國他鄉生活,需要多大的勇氣和精神啊。

順德女性較大規模地出洋謀生,應該是在20世紀30年代。早在明朝中後期,自澳門成為中外貿易場所之後,以蠶桑產區著稱的順德也借著天時地利,發展成為廣東最大的蠶絲生產中心。20世紀初,順德的繅絲業發展到了一個鼎盛時期。全縣共有機器繅絲廠200家以上,繅絲工人6萬多人,超過同期上海(5萬人)和天津(不足5000人)的總和。繅絲工人以女工居多。她們憑藉著一門繅絲手藝自食其力,在經濟上逐漸從過去對父母和丈夫的單純依賴中獨立出來。經濟上的獨立,催生了婦女獨身主義思潮的抬頭,為順德自梳女的大量出現打下了基礎。

“自梳女”是明末清初出現于珠江三角洲地區的一種社會習俗,這種習俗在民初尤其盛行于德。過去女子出嫁,須由母親束髻。而立志不嫁者則履行一定的儀式自行束髻,謂之“自梳”。順德的“自梳女”,俗稱“姑婆”。“自梳”所履行的束髻儀式,通常在自梳女及不落家婦女聚居的“姑婆屋”舉行。順德是民初自梳女最多的地區,均安、容奇、桂洲等地都有大批的自梳女,她們採桑繅絲,自食其力,甚至養活家人。繅絲廠的女工有不少是自梳女,據記載,在順德繅絲業發展的鼎盛時期,繅絲廠的女工幾乎有80%是自梳女,由此可見自梳習俗在順德的盛行。在20世紀30年代,受世界性經濟蕭條的影響,繅絲業開始衰落,蠶絲價格暴跌,順德絲業大受影響,大批繅絲女工失業,她們紛紛轉到廣州、香港、以及東南亞國家如新加坡、馬來西亞等地做家庭傭工,憑著順德人那一手出色的廚藝養活自己。這些家庭傭工中,有相當數量是“過埠婆”(即出洋謀生的“自梳女”)。光是到東南亞各地的自梳女就有二三千人之眾。僅均安沙頭鄉,前往新加坡的自梳女就逾百人。

三是逃難。

這主要體現于逃避戰爭所造成的災難。1931年,“九·一八”事變後,日寇侵華的狼子野心暴露無遺,風雨飄搖,國內局勢動蕩不安。為避戰亂,不少人相率出國,僑居異國的邑人也千方百計幫助親朋出國謀生。1939年順德淪陷後,順德人更是聯群結隊涌向東南亞和東南非各國。1941年太平洋戰爭爆發後,水路受阻,但仍有人輾轉到達越南。這時期出國的邑人數以萬計。當年,馬達加斯加有華僑三千多人,其中順德籍的佔了近80%。目前散居世界各地的邑人,多為此時所去者及其後裔。

中華人民共和國成立後,邑人出國人數大大減少,是近百年來出國人數最少的時期。1962年至1985年,順德全縣出國人數只有2500多人。究其原因,一是邑人生活比較安定,二是僑居國限制甚至嚴禁華人入境。在這個時期出國主要有兩個特點:一是與親人團聚或繼承父輩產業;二是港澳邑人移居美國、加拿大、澳大利亞各國。

參考書目:
1.《廣東省志·華僑志》 廣東省地方史志編纂委員會編,廣東人民出版社1996年12月版
2.《順德縣誌》 順德市地方誌編纂委員會編,中華書局1996年12月版
Source: 佛山市順德區政協 Shunde Committee CPPCC; zx.shunde.gov.cn

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Updated 20120327:



Wednesday, March 21, 2012

Record Breaking Spring (IMG00720)

Here is a photo I took this afternoon during coffee break.

The +20 degC weather has been above normal for almost 2 weeks now and it seems we are skipping Spring and heading straight into Summer.

As you can see, ppl are sunning outside in their Summer outfit.

And, this evening, I will be running in shorts !!!

Thursday, March 15, 2012

傳奇民謠歌手瓊•貝茲 / Legendary Folk Singer Joan Baez

I have just posted a blog article that I started drafting in mid Oct 2010:

傳奇民謠歌手瓊•貝茲 / Legendary Folk Singer Joan Baez

(Please click: http://lotusandcedar.blogspot.com/2010/10/legendary-folk-singer-joan-baez.html )

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根據【維基百科】:"...... 瓊·拜亞(西班牙語:Joan Chandos Báez,1941年1月9日-),美國鄉村女歌手,作曲家。瓊出生在紐約,父親為著名墨西哥裔美國物理學家Albert Baez,母親為蘇格蘭裔Joan Bridge Baez;瓊有一姐一妹。瓊育有一子,名Gabriel Harris。瓊的很多作品都與時事和社會問題有關,並於1960年代活躍於反戰運動,並在當時交往了著名民歌手巴布·狄倫,唯兩人戀情不長,因狄倫漂泊不定,1965年即告分手。1968年,瓊在與社會運動家David Harris結婚,1972年仳離。

1975年,瓊為了紀念與巴布·狄倫的往日情,譜出了名曲「Diamond and Rust」(鑽石與鐵鏽),也成為瓊最富盛名的歌曲。瓊出道表演已超過50年,發行超過30張專輯,著名作品包括「Diamond and Rust」, 「Where Have Been The Flowers Gone」。最新的作品為2008年發行的「Day After Tomorrow」。...."

Reference/Photo Credit:
* Wikipedia【維基百科】瓊·拜亞

Saturday, March 10, 2012

四姑媽



這是一篇有關「順德自梳女」的故事

我在香港長大的時候,毎逢農曆新年,必隨父母到港九新界各処拜年,而在众親戚朋友中,「四姑媽」的「家」是我們必到之地。但她的「家」郤和別人的家不一樣,大部份人的家起碼都有枱有櫈,就算是住在鑽石山老虎岩徙置區,不大富有的刘伯伯也有地方招呼客人,而我也可以和他的兩個「星君仔」在公众浴室和團團轉的走廊玩耍。

但我「四姑媽」的「家」卻是比徙置區還差,她只是單人住在舊唐樓中一間狹窄陰暗的間板房,毎次我到埗就只有呆坐在她牀上,靠一盞從楼頂塵舊電線接釣下來發殘黄色光的弱燈膽,看看她掛在牀頭發霉古老十八代的黑白相,悶聴他/她們「大人」談一些不着邊際的家庭瑣碎事,真是令我這個坐立不定愛跳蹦蹦的小朋友吃盡「鬼佬月餅」(悶極)。

不過「四姑媽」對我還好,毎次總在牀下底抄這抄那,她沒有孩子,当然沒有「三毛流浪記」、「財叔殲日寇」、「孫悟空三打白骨精連環圖」等,但她毎次都能够在牀下底掏出一罐糖果零食,給我一些「甜頭」,好讓大人不用厭聽我嚷着要走的怨言。

但是有一農曆新年,我們没有去「四姑媽」家處拜年,父親説: 『你的「四姑媽」患上了癌病絶症,已在医院處在彌留之際。』我不知道燒菸葉是可導至肺癌。在那戰後年代,香港男人十個有九個吸香烟 (我爸也不例外), 但女人上癮卻不是常見之事。嬸母們説: 『壞女人才抽煙。』我倒不知道抽煙是不会影響男人,郤可導至女人變壊。

我是記得「四姑媽」在家時總是煙不離口,令那本來已是昏暗的間板房更添加煙霧迷漫,但我卻從没有將「四姑媽」和那些在尖沙咀或灣仔區,在酒巴風月場所穿開V低胸露乳做水兵生意的壞女人比較。反之, 「四姑媽」穿的是香港典型保守的「媽姐」工人裝,白衫黑褲,頭髪沒有像大都市女人的時髦吹電,她只有一條黑溜溜梳捲下的長辮子, 垂掛在她腦後,走動時黑辮子一左一右地在背後白衫投上影子擺動,刹是好看。

当我見「四姑媽」最後一面的時候,末期肺癌已把她的身體蹂躪到不似人形,她眼眶深陷,躺在医院病床上捱生痛,香港俗世有云:『相金先惠,格外留神』,沒有錢給職員「特別」小費的当然就只好受折磨,止痛劑來貨不定,時有時無,喊痛倒還会招來一頓臭罵。床上皮包骨的一個髑髅頭兒,睜眼看見有親戚探訪,勉強給了來人一個微笑。那次我沒有撒賴,没有納悶喊着要走。我想的只是一個穿白衫黑褲搖着辮子的「四姑媽」,在她家中的床下底找一把手的糖果給我吃。

後語: 根據我「七姑媽」説, 「四姑媽」昰在十一姊妹中唯一個「梳起唔嫁」。那時我只知「唔嫁」,但不明「梳起」是什麼意思。「四姑媽」死後沒有出喪殯禮,遺體由医院送往火化場。香港人講現實,彈丸之地,寸金尺土,又沒有後代除草打掃, 墳墓也不需要,一把火燒了罷! 又: 「四姑媽」去世時我還是小學生,所以這文章多是源自孩童記憶。


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Updated 20120327: Supplementary Information

"......「媽姐」三十年代興起

最近葉德嫻憑「桃姐」一角獲頒威尼斯影后,戲中的「桃姐」是一位媽姐,影片講述她跟少主人的感人關係。究竟「媽姐」是何許人也?收看ontv東方電視生活台電目《就係咁解》,答案自然一清二楚!想知道甚麼是「媽姐」?半夜扭開電視看粵語殘片,那些穿白衫黑褲的女傭,正是「媽姐」!原來「媽姐」二字是順德方言,意指自梳女。話說三十年代的中國,社會仍處於盲婚啞嫁的年代,很多女生聽了別人出嫁後的悲慘故事,因而對婚姻絕望,加上當時順德絲綢業發達,不少年輕女生都能在經濟上自力更生,於是決定梳起不嫁,後來受政局動盪影響,媽姐到香港或南洋打住家工成為潮流。雖然媽姐是傭人,但由於長時間和主人家相處,雙方關係絕非主僕咁簡單,甚至會視對方為親人呢!及至六、七十年代,香港社會日趨工業化,愈來愈多女性變了「工廠妹」,加上後來又有外傭輸入,媽姐行業才逐步走向式微。...."

Source: 撰文:鄭國河 網址:tv.on.cc 電子報

http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/lifestyle/20110918/00315_007.html

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"..... 順德人早期僑居外國,其原因主要有避禍、謀生與逃難幾種:

在出洋謀生的順德人中,有不少年輕女性,其中大部分是到東南亞國家。順德女性到東南亞國家謀生有著悠久的歷史。早在1886年,均安沙頭村的黃銀歡、黃潤金、黃就算 三位少女,聽說到新加坡做工雖然只得數元月薪,但也能積蓄支援家庭,於是結伴經香港乘船前往。那時,從香港乘船遠渡重洋到新加坡,需要半個多月的時間。幾個年輕女子,背井離鄉,遠別親人,隻身到異國他鄉生活,需要多大的勇氣和精神啊。

順德女性較大規模地出洋謀生,應該是在20世紀30年代。早在明朝中後期,自澳門成為中外貿易場所之後,以蠶桑產區著稱的順德也借著天時地利,發展成為廣東最大的蠶絲生產中心。20世紀初,順德的繅絲業發展到了一個鼎盛時期。全縣共有機器繅絲廠200家以上,繅絲工人6萬多人,超過同期上海(5萬人)和天津(不足5000人)的總和。繅絲工人以女工居多。她們憑藉著一門繅絲手藝自食其力,在經濟上逐漸從過去對父母和丈夫的單純依賴中獨立出來。經濟上的獨立,催生了婦女獨身主義思潮的抬頭,為順德自梳女的大量出現打下了基礎。

“自梳女”是明末清初出現于珠江三角洲地區的一種社會習俗,這種習俗在民初尤其盛行于德。過去女子出嫁,須由母親束髻。而立志不嫁者則履行一定的儀式自行束髻,謂之“自梳”。順德的“自梳女”,俗稱“姑婆”。“自梳”所履行的束髻儀式,通常在自梳女及不落家婦女聚居的“姑婆屋”舉行。順德是民初自梳女最多的地區,均安、容奇、桂洲等地都有大批的自梳女,她們採桑繅絲,自食其力,甚至養活家人。繅絲廠的女工有不少是自梳女,據記載,在順德繅絲業發展的鼎盛時期,繅絲廠的女工幾乎有80%是自梳女,由此可見自梳習俗在順德的盛行。

在20世紀30年代,受世界性經濟蕭條的影響,繅絲業開始衰落,蠶絲價格暴跌,順德絲業大受影響,大批繅絲女工失業,她們紛紛轉到廣州、香港、以及東南亞國家如新加坡、馬來西亞等地做家庭傭工,憑著順德人那一手出色的廚藝養活自己。這些家庭傭工中,有相當數量是“過埠婆”(即出洋謀生的“自梳女”)。光是到東南亞各地的自梳女就有二三千人之眾。僅均安沙頭鄉,前往新加坡的自梳女就逾百人。....."
Source:
For reference, please see my blog article "籍貫: 中國廣東省順德縣水藤鄕 / Place of Origin: Shunde, Province of Canton"
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Related link to Mindnecessity's Mar 9, 2012 blog article 桃姐

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Thursday, March 08, 2012

三八國際婦女節: 悼女同事 / International Women's Day: In Memory of Co-worker


今天是三八國際婦女節,但不幸得很,卻是我一個舊女同事的出殯之日,她是在上星期自殺而死。

我和J私人交往不深,所以不知她自尋短見的動机原因,但記得大家做同事的時候,她臉上常掛上笑容,待人接物非常開朗有禮,從没有流露半點灰色人生的象徵。

但從友人口中得悉,某某不受歡迎男人,今天卻是不請自來,令死者家人大感不快。婦女節日也脱不出男女之間的關係?

在悼念儀式中,她的兒子回憶母親的一眉一貌,追索那有歡笑丶有天倫的快樂時光,但説不到一半,他已是淚流滿面,在場來賓不禁黯然神傷。

正如主持殯禮的牧師説: 逝者已爾,先人雖已大去,但後人將永遠懷念她他們,直到有一天大家在天國重會。

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Photo Credit:

* Wikipedia/International Women's Day: The mimosa (technically, the Silver Wattle) is the symbol of the celebrations of Women's day in Italy ....

緝捕烏干達戰爭罪犯約瑟夫·科尼 / Capturing Ugandan War Criminal Joseph Kony


Within the last 2 days, a video entitled "Kony 2012" has gone viral and netizens are buzzing with excitement as to what the phenomenon signifies. To help us gain a better understanding of what it is all about, I am posting the following articles for info.

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According to Wikipedia / Joseph Kony:

約瑟夫·科尼是烏干達游擊隊首領,聖主抵抗軍(LRA)的領導者。他欲建立一個基於十誡阿喬利傳統的政教合一政府。 但該組織被指嚴重侵犯人權,包括涉及致殘、施虐、強姦、綁架平民、使用童兵和屠殺等。在科尼的帶領下,聖主抵抗軍在烏干達北部、剛果(金)蘇丹南蘇丹擁有群眾基礎。自1986年叛亂以來,綁架和強迫了約66000名兒童加入戰爭,迫使國內超過200萬人流離失所。因此,科尼在2005年以戰爭罪反人類罪等33項指控被海牙國際法庭起訴,但至今在逃。

生平

早期生活

約瑟夫·科尼1961年出生於烏干達北部村莊Odek的農民家庭。他的父親是一名天主教會的教義問答,而母親則是一名聖工宗教徒。和兄弟姐妹關係甚好,但是如果他遭到了背叛,他會毫不猶豫的實行報復。當遭到質疑和反對時,他更多的選擇用拳頭而不是口辯。上學時由於身材矮小經常受到同學和老師的嘲諷。後來跟隨哥哥充當巫醫。1986年,烏干達局勢混亂,15歲的科尼輟學加入反對派,開始戰爭生活。


聖主抵抗軍

初期,科尼的組織命名為「聯合聖靈救世軍」(United Holy Salvation Army)。隨後,科尼開始綁架平民兒童加入戰爭,男孩被迫戰鬥,女孩則淪為軍妓性奴。科尼經常在綁架他們後殺掉他們的家人和鄰居。 據統計,自1986年以來,被科尼強行徵募的兒童約為66000人。1992年,該組織更名為聖主抵抗軍。科尼更神話個人形象,煽動仇恨。多年來,該組織頻繁襲擊平民,造成至少數萬人喪生,200萬人無家可歸。

國際反響

「聖靈抵抗軍」的所作所為引發國際社會的廣泛關注和譴責。9·11事件後,美國將約瑟夫·科尼及其聖主抵抗軍列入恐怖組織名單。2005年,國際刑事法院以危害人類罪、戰爭罪等33項指控,向包括科尼在內的該組織五位主要首領發出逮捕令。2006年國際刑警組織也向其發出了通緝令。地區政府多次聯合行動,清剿該反抗軍。國際上,美國民間成立了Invisible Children的公益組織,呼籲國際社會關注烏干達地區相關事件,並提請儘快緝捕科尼,結束其軍隊的罪行。

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"Kony 2012: An Unlikely Viral Video Starts A Discussion About Human Rights In Africa"

By George Stroumboulopoulos, CBC March 7, 2012

It's not every day that a campaign against human rights violations in Africa becomes a worldwide trending topic on Twitter and a viral video phenomenon.

This surprising development is the result of efforts by U.S. NGO Invisible Children, an organization dedicated to bringing to justice Joseph Kony, the leader of the Lord's Resistance Army rebel movement that has been waging a guerilla war against the Ugandan government since the 1980s - largely through the use of child soldiers it has abducted, abused and forced into service.

Two days ago, Invisible Children released a video called "Kony 2012", a half-hour long account of Kony's murderous impact on the lives of children in northern Uganda and a plea to viewers around to help efforts to bring him to justice. Tied to the clip was a large-scale social media campaign, urging people to watch, share and promote the video with their friends and followers.

As of today, against all expectations, a half-hour-long video about a conflict obscure to many North Americans has turned into a bona fide phenomenon, with more than 15 million views and counting.

Kony is a deplorable figure: He has been accused of kidnapping untold numbers of children from the LRA's territory in northern Uganda, turning young boys into drugged and brainwashed killers, young girls into sex slaves, and many children into victims of torture and murder. He has been sought by the International Criminal Court since 2005 for crimes against humanity, and he remains a fugitive at large.

Many people would be happy to support efforts to bring him to justice, but it's rare that African war criminals are widely discussed on the Twittersphere, and the degree to which "Kony 2012" has captured attention is an incredible accomplishment.

Of course, like any sudden phenomenon, "Kony 2012" has attracted critics as well as supporters. While virtually nobody has tried to defend the reputation of Kony or the LRA (although Rush Limbaugh did attempt it recently), there have been some concerns expressed about the video, the campaign and the organization behind. These are just some of the discussions that have been taking place - mostly in the blogosphere - around Invisible Children's campaign:

1. It overly simplifies a complicated situation. While many in the human rights and development communities stated an appreciation of efforts to draw attention to Kony's horrific history, some were concerned that it the video reduced the situation in Uganda to an easy, good-guys-vs-bad-guys narrative, when the reality is far more complex.

2. It does not include the people of northern Uganda themselves. A post on theJustice in Conflict blog, written by a Canadian human rights scholar, provided a thought-provoking summary of this viewpoint. It points out that very few voices in the movie come from the people who the makers of "Kony 2012" are ostensibly trying to help - those living in northern Uganda who have suffered from the civil wars between Kony and the government. That is partly because it is their own children who make up the LRA, and partly because they blame the government as much as the rebels for the violence in their lives. There is widespread support for an amnesty process that would allow LRA members to return home to face a form of "peace justice" - an idea that might not fit neatly into a campaign to "Stop Kony."

3. It advocates a disempowering approach. Variations on this argument invoke uncomfortable words such as "paternalism," "colonialism" and even "racism" to summarize Invisible Children's approach to helping people in Africa - that the message being sent is that only rich, white North Americans can do something about the problems in places like Uganda, in spite of the fact that a lot of work has already been done on the ground to deal with problems such as Kony - such as the amnesty process mentioned above. This argument has been articulated by a number of writers, including Grant Oyston, whose Tumblr feed Visible Children is dedicated to presenting an alternative view to Invisible Children's take on Uganda, and other bloggers such as Unmuted, Siena Anstis and
Wanderings.

Of course, bloggers are notoriously willing to take down even the most worth of causes when given the chance, and there is no shortage of people who have been rightly inspired by the "Kony 2012" campaign, and who have become involved in an issue that they may have otherwise never learned about.

What's truly amazing is that a group of young filmmakers has been able to start a major public discussion about a seriously important issue that many North Americans were completely unfamiliar with just days ago. Invisible Children and their video campaign could be said to have attracted more attention to issues affecting northern Uganda in two days than had been accomplished in the last 20 years. Now it remains to be seen if it will be translated into long-term action.

(Source: http://www.cbc.ca/strombo/world/kony-2012.html)

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The much talked about video "Kony 2012" on YouTube - Uploaded by invisiblechildreninc on Mar 5, 2012



According to YouTube: "KONY 2012 is a film and campaign by Invisible Children that aims to make Joseph Kony famous, not to celebrate him, but to raise support for his arrest and set a precedent for international justice."

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Here is a related article from the US-based National Public Radio NPR:

"Ugandan Warlord Joseph Kony Under Spotlight Thanks To Viral Video" by Mark Memmott

(Source: "The Two-Way" The NPR's News Blog)

The hashtag term #stopkony has been trending on Twitter all day, Reddit.com has been deluged with posts about Ugandan warlord Joseph Kony and he's suddenly the subject of a quickly growing number of blog posts and news stories.

All, apparently, because of an activist group's quite successful effort to have its latest video about atrocities done by Kony's Lord's Resistance Army go viral.

The organization is Invisible Children, and the 30-minute video is indeed a powerful piece of work. It skillfully tells the tale of Kony's army, which as NPR's Michele Kelemen has previously reported, "has been terrorizing Uganda and surrounding nations for decades ... [and] has specialized in kidnapping children and forcing them to fight." Last October, President Obama announcedhe was sending 100 U.S. troops to central Africa to train and advise militaries that are trying to track down Kony and his fighters.

According to The Daily Dot, on Tuesday night Invisible Children's video "exploded across multiple Web communities," with millions of views on Vimeo and YouTube, and hundreds of thousands of "likes" on Facebook.

Fast Company adds that:

"Invisible Children has been canny about marketing the film through social media via the use of Twitter hashtags (#kony2012) and celebrities. Rihanna, Stephen Fry, and The Onion's Baratunde Thurston have all tweeted about the film. In addition, Invisible Children is organizing a celebrity pressure campaign to get, among others, Oprah Winfrey, Mark Zuckerberg, and Lady Gaga to publicize #kony2012."

Now, there is some needed context, according to the Council on Foreign Relations' Foreign Affairs magazine. It reported last November that Invisible Children and some other organizations involved in the KONY 2012 campaign:

"Have manipulated facts for strategic purposes, exaggerating the scale of LRA abductions and murders and emphasizing the LRA's use of innocent children as soldiers, and portraying Kony — a brutal man, to be sure — as uniquely awful, a Kurtz-like embodiment of evil. They rarely refer to the Ugandan atrocities or those of Sudan's People's Liberation Army, such as attacks against civilians or looting of civilian homes and businesses, or the complicated regional politics fueling the conflict."

The activists have rejected such charges, saying "we've done our utmost to stick to the facts" and have tried to highlight "atrocities by the Ugandan government."

The blog Visible Children takes issue with Invisible Children's support for military action and that last year it spent more on staff compensation costs and transportation than on "direct services."

The leader of the Lord's Resistance Army, Joseph Kony, in 2006.
Stuart Price/AP

The leader of the Lord's Resistance Army, Joseph Kony, in 2006.

It also adds that while awareness is good, "these problems are highly complex, not one-dimensional and, frankly, aren't of the nature that can be solved by postering, film-making and changing your Facebook profile picture, as hard as that is to swallow."

But no one seems to dispute that Kony is evil. And Invisible Children's Jason Russell, who made the video, tells AllAfrica.comthat the point of the video and the campaign is to get viewers to:

"Make a commitment to stop at nothing by making sure Kony is known in their circle of influence, whether it's their family or office or school. The dream would be for Kony to be captured, not killed, and brought to the International Criminal Court to face trial. The world would know about his crimes and they would watch the trial play out on an international level, seeing a man face justice who got away with abducting children, raping little girls, and mutilating people's faces for 26 years."


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Disclaimer:

Please note I am not suggesting whether you should or should not support Invisible Children Inc., especially when it comes to financial contributions/donations. However, I would encourage readers to familiarize themselves with the complicated issue of Human Rights in general and Child Soldiers in particular.

Wednesday, March 07, 2012

中國暴發戸來加拿大狩獵野熊 / Newly-Rich Chinese Hunters Love Canadian Bears

The following is based on the March 7, 2012 CBC National by Peter Mansbridge:

The "nouveaux riches" of China 中國暴發戸 are willing to pay big bucks to hunt bears in Canada. CBC National reports that a two-week polar bear hunting trip can be bought for $80,000. There is even a video-clip of a black bear being shot at and it (not the video) would most likely end up in someone's living room.

The rich Chinese hunter being interviewed was the owner of a karaoke bar. He proudly showed off an exhibition of dead animals in his home (a zebra, a south African monkey, ....), all of which were his hunting trophies. Why is he interested in killing bears in Canada? Because bear hunting is apparently illegal in China !!!

Didn't someone in Parliament just propose replacing the beaver with polar bear as our national symbol?

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Photo Credit:

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UPDATED 20120406: Here is an article from a pro-China org that denies the story by Peter Simpson of Daily Mail UK:

Examining The Non-Existent “Rich Chinese Hunting Polar Bear” Story
March 13th, 2012 Charles Liu

Recently a story by Peter Simpson of Daily Mail UK made waves in the conservationist circle, that wealthy Chinese businessmen, as many as 100, are paying upwards of $80,000US to hunt endangered polar bears into extinction with this headline, “Rich Chinese Thrill Seekers Paying £50,000 for ‘trip of a lifetime…’ to kill endangered polar bears.”

The Daily Mail then followed up with an OpEd with the temerity to question how cruel the Chinese race is: “are the Chinese the cruelest race on earth?“

Unsurprisingly, calls to hunt Chinese and other visceral reactions ensues: here, here, here.

Surely, if this is true even I would have to admit the Chinese must be the cruelest race on earth
- EXCEPT – this story seems to be fake. This is yet again another example of the “Collective Defamation” melektaus has written about not too long ago on this blog.

The primary source for the Daily Mail story, a safari hunting guide named Scott Lupien who operates a Beijing subsidiary of US-based Safari Club International, disputed quotes Peter Simpson attributed to him as distortion and fabrication:

On March 5th, 2012 I received a phone call from a Daily Mail reporter calling himself Peter.

I told him that I have never been on a polar bear hunt, and to my knowledge, neither has a single Chinese person.

To my surprise, Peter took what I said and twisted it to create a sensational story

In order to sell papers and make big profits, he created a story about something that doesn’t even exist (Chinese hunting polar bears)

So the fact is not one polar bear hunting package has been sold in China, none the less any Chinese going on Alaska and killing polar bears.

So how did a rumor grow into such a serious indictment? Seems 52safari did make it in Chinese media’s recent focus on growing popularity of overseas adventure traveling, and unscrupulous journalists like Peter Simpson just twist the facts into a sensational story that espouses the dominate media narrative of “Evil Chinese”.

Here are some additional facts that was ignored by the article:

1) Chartered polar bear hunts are legal under Canadian law and have been going on for decades in Canada. The size of arctic polar bear population and allowed harvests are under strict management by the Renewable Wildlife Economic Development Office.

2) The Inuit people in the arctic region hunt polar bear as sustenance, and by treaty rights are entitled to yearly hunts within Canadian government’s wildlife management parameters.

3) Chartered polar bear hunts purchase hunting rights from the Inuit people, and hunt the polar bears under Inuit customs accompanies by local guide. The hunted polar bear is given to the Inuits for food, and the pelt is purchased from the tribe with hunting license, trophy fees, GST, export fees all paid by the hunters.

4) Other incomes derived by these Alaskan safaris for the Inuits include equipment rental, transportation, lodging, taxidermy and tannery services.

5) Most of the “big game hunters” are WASP Americans; I scoured Google Images for trophy hunt photos, and not one person is Chinese-looking (here, here, here, here, here, here, and here.) I challenge anyone to come up with a photo of a Chinese hunter posing with his polar bear trophy.

While I do not believe endangered species should be hunted, even considering the complicated issues of Native American treaty rights and preservation of indigenous culture. However, when the media chooses to demonize the Chinese, the issue becomes muddled and the false indictment detracts from the cause. Even if the intent is to bring awareness to the plight of the polar bears, any sympathy I had for the creature is now diminished by the biased reporting.

What seems to be truly endangered here is journalistic integrity.


Comments from Haricot: While I am not familiar with the report from the Daily Mail, UK, I do have confidence in the professionalism of Peter Mansbridge of the CBC for his news broadcast of the Chinese hunter story on March 7, 2012.

Donwhill Skiing: "Swan Dive", Camp Fortune, Quebec, Canada

It's the first day of spring skiing today and the conditions are just right for me to ski down Swan Dive, albeit not as graceful as a cygnet. It's the first time in many years that the run is open.

The route is steep and narrow with moguls. I had to back slide a few times to negotiate my way down and avoid jumping off a rock-face.

I would think it's a double-diamond by east-coast standard and is definitely outside of my comfort zone.

OK, enough excitement for one day !!

Photo Credit:
* Wikipedia / Whistler-Blackcomb Mountains in BC (one of my most favourite alpine skiing destinations)

Tuesday, March 06, 2012

【老外辨别中国人的88种独门绝招!】/ "88 Ways to Tell You Are Chinese!"


在互聯網上遊逛,偶讀以下一篇半認真、半攪笑的博文,在此貼上与讀者共嘗,大家可發一噱。

微豆


Photo Credit:
Chinese Canadian railway workers
http://www.ccnc.ca/toronto/history/info/info.html


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Disclaimer: I have not modified any of the English/Chinese text in the article【老外辨别中国人的88种独门绝招!】. The posting of the information below does not signify my endorsement of the content of the article and the positions of the authour, his/her affiliations, or sinovision.net.
【老外辨别中国人的88种独门绝招!】
1.You look like you are 18.你看起来好像才18岁(东方人普遍看起来年轻,呵呵)

  2.You like to eat chicken feet。你喜欢吃鸡脚

  3.You suck on fish heads and fish fins。你吃鱼时会吸鱼头和鱼鳍(他们都是直接切掉的)

  4.You have a Chinese knick-knack hanging on your rear view mirror。你的车子后视镜上会吊中国摆设(偶没有,老爸不让,说一看就是中国人,俗,郁闷)

  5.You sing karaoke。你唱KTV(唐人街才有的玩意儿)

  6.Your house is covered with tile。你的房子铺的是瓷砖(老外都是木板)

  7.Your kitchen is covered by a sticky film of grease。你的厨房覆盖着一层厚厚的油脂(爱炒东西的缘故)

  8.Your stove is covered with aluminum foil。你的炉子上面有铝箔

  9.You leave the plastic covers on your remote control。你的遥控器外面包着塑料(发现真的只有中国人才这样)

  10.You"ve never kissed your mom or dad。你从没吻过你父母(中国人谁这样啊)

  11.You"ve never hugged your mom or dad。你从没抱过你父母(幼儿园时算不算?)

  12.Your unassisted vision is worse than 20/500.你的视觉想象力低于20/500(不知啥意思)

  13.You wear contacts,to avoid wearing your "coke bottle glasses"。你戴隐形眼镜,这样才能避免戴你的"瓶底眼镜"(怎么说得中国人好像都近视?偶就不怎么戴眼镜,不过也近视两三百了,呵呵)

  14.You"ve worn glasses since you were in fifth grade。你五年级开始就戴眼镜了. (中国人都是爱学习的好孩子.。。怎么又跟眼镜有关?)

  15.Your hair sticks up when you wake up。你睡醒后头发会竖起来。

  16.You"ll haggle over something that is not negotiable。你会为一些不可质疑的事情辩论. (无理取闹???)

  17.You love to use coupons。你喜欢用折价券. (勤俭节约~~)

  18.You drive around looking for the cheapest petrol。你为了最便宜的汽油费不息开着车子到处找. (恩,我爸就这样)

  19.You drive around for hours looking for the best parking space。你开着车子兜圈为了找到最好的停车位. (看来老外真的不太讲究这个。)

  20.You take showers at night。你晚上洗澡. (许多美国人都是早上洗,不知道为什么)

  21.You avoid the non-free snacks in hotel rooms。旅店房间里的非免费食品你都不吃. (那些东西都是over-charged了的,谁那么笨啊)

  22.You don"t mind squeezing 20people into one motel room。你不介意二十个人挤一间汽车旅房. (那也太抠门了吧.。。)

  23.Most girls have more body hair than you,if you are male。如果你是男人,那么你身上的体毛比大多数女人少. (又不是大猩猩,老子要那么多体毛干什么?)

  24.You tap the table when someone pours tea for you。别人为你倒茶你就用手敲一下桌子。(在广东茶楼尤其如此,不然没礼貌)

  25.You say "Aiya!"and "Wah!"frequently。你经常说"哎(二声)呀(四声)"和"哇(四声)"。

  26.You don"t want to wear your seatbelt because it is uncomfortable。你不喜欢系安全带因为安全带让你感觉不舒服. (晕~~)

  27.You love Las Vegas,slot machines,and blackjack。你喜欢拉斯维加斯,老虎机和二十一点. (中国人好赌,地球人都知道)

  28.You unwrap Christmas gifts very carefully,so you can reuse the paper。
你细心地打开你的圣诞节礼物,因为你要留着包装纸再用. (谁叫偶没钱啊)

  29.You only buy Christmas cards after Christmas,when they are 50%off。你只会在圣诞节后买圣诞卡,因为他们打了五折. (^_^这根本就是在说我,圣诞节卡留着下一年用,省下一笔钱好好吃一顿更划算^_^)

  30.You have a vinyl tablecloth on your kitchen table。你的厨房桌子上有一条抹布. (老外只有纸巾)

  31.You spit bones and other food scraps on the table.That"s why you need the vinyl tablecloth。你把骨头和其他杂碎吐在桌子上,所以你必须有抹布. (没吐在纸巾上的后果,老外真是浪费.。。)

  32.You have stuff in the freezer since the beginning of time。你的电冰箱存着一万年前的食物。

  33.You use the dishwasher as a dish rack。你把洗碗机当碗橱

  34.You have never used your dishwasher。你从来没用过你的洗碗机。

  35.You keep a Thermos of hot water available at all times。你有一个热水瓶里面永远装着热水. (自来水不是人人都喝得惯的~~~)

  36.You eat all meals in the kitchen。你在厨房吃饭。

  37.You save grocery bags,tin foil,and tin containers。你把用过的塑料袋,锡纸和锡盘留着。

  38.You have a piano in your living room。你客厅里有一架钢琴. (管他会不会弹,看起来倍儿有面子)

  39.You pick your teeth at the dinner table (but you cover your mouth)。你会在餐桌上剔牙,但手遮着嘴。

  40.You twirl your pen around your fingers。你会转笔

  41.You hate to waste food。你讨厌浪费食物. (没去过大陆餐馆吃过饭的老外,唉.。。)

  42.You have Tupperware in your fridge with three bites of rice or one leftover chicken wing。你冰箱里有三口剩饭和一只鸡翼。

43.You don"t own any real Tupperware -only a cupboard full of used but carefully rinsed margarine tubs,takeout containers,and jam jars。你家里没有任何家用塑料制品,只有一橱子洗过再拿来用的油瓶,饭盒和酱坛子。

  44.You also use the jam jars as drinking glasses。你把果酱瓶当水杯用. (靠,偶没见过)

  45.You have a collection of miniature shampoo bottles that you take every time you stay in a hotel。你有收集旅馆免费洗发水瓶子的爱好

  46.You carry a stash of your own food whenever you travel (travel means any car ride longer than 15minutes).These snacks are always dried and include dried plums,mango,ginger,and squid。你每次外出十五分钟都会带着你的零食:干芒果,李子或烤鱿鱼。

  47.You wash your rice at least 2-3times before cooking it。你会洗2-3次米。

  48.Your dad thinks he can fix everything himself。你爸以为自己可以修任何东西。

  49.The dashboard of your Honda is covered by hundreds of small toys。你的车子里堆了无数玩偶。

  50.You don"t use measuring cups。你不用量杯

  51.You beat eggs with chopsticks。你用筷子打鸡蛋。

  52.You have a teacup with a cover on it。你有一个有盖的茶杯. (茶壶嘛~~~)

  53.You always look phone numbers up in the phone book,since calling information (*69) costs 50cents。你总是在电话簿里找电话号码,因为咨询电话费用为五角。

  54.You only make long distance calls after 11pm。你只在11点后打长途. (免费美国国内,中国不知什么时候才有,有竞争果然还是件好事, bs中国电信)

  55.If you are male,you clap at something funny and if you are female,you giggle whilst placing a hand over your mouth。如果你是位男性,你会对好玩的东西鼓掌,如果你是位女性,你会捂着嘴咯咯的笑(笑不路齿嘛)

  56.You like Chinese films in their original undubbed versions。你喜欢没有配过音的中国电影。

  57.You love Chinese Martial Arts films。你喜欢中国功夫片。

  58.You"ve learnt some form of martial arts。你会一些中国武术。

  59.Shaolin actually means something to you。少林对你来说是有含义的

  60.You like congee with thousand-year-old eggs。你喜欢很老的蛋配的粥. (What?)应该是皮蛋瘦肉粥吧

  61.You prefer your shrimp with the heads and legs still attached。你喜欢有头尾的虾。

  62.You never call your parents just to say hi。你从不为了问声好而call你父母. (失实严重,这个老外认识的中国人都太抠门了,连个国际长途也省, bs之)

  63.If you don"t live at home,when your parents call,they ask if you"ve eaten,even if it"s midnight。如果你不在家,你的父母会打电话问你吃了吗,就算半夜12点也不例外。

  64.When you"re sick,your parents tell you not to eat fried foods or baked goods due to yeet hay。当你病了的时候,你父母要你不吃油炸食品和烤的东西,因为"热气yeet hay"。广东音

  65.You know what yeet hay is。你知道什么是热气

  66.You e-mail your Chinese friends at work,even though you only 10feet apart。你上班时给你中国朋友send email,即使你们相距10尺。

  67.You use a face cloth。你敷面膜。

  68.You starve yourself before going to all you can eat places。你去吃自助餐前会把自己饿个半死。

  69.You know someone who can get you a good deal on jewelry or electronics。你认识可以打折卖给你珠宝或电器的人。

70.You save your old Coke bottle glasses even though you"re never going to use them again。你留着用过的可乐瓶。

71.You own your own meat cleaver and sharpen it。你有自己的切肉刀而且你会磨它

72.Your toothpaste tubes are all squeezed paper-thin。你的牙膏都挤到纸一样薄。

73.You know what moon cakes are。你知道什么是月饼。

74.When there is a sale on toilet paper,you buy 100rolls and store them in your closet or in the bedroom of an adult child who has moved out。当厕纸降价时,你买了100多卷并囤在衣橱或别人的房间里. (这个厉害,那个被占领卧室的人真可怜)

75.Your parents know how to launch nasal projectiles。不知道什么意思

76.You iron your own shirts。你自己烫衣服. (意思是父母不会烫,老外劲小瞧咱中国人,看我飞起一腿,啊扎~~~~`)

77.You play a musical包含ument。你会弹奏一种乐器. (当然,咱中国人打小都是天才,哇哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈.....。。)

78.Even if you"re totally full,if someone says they"re going to throw away the leftovers on the table,you"ll finish them。即使你饱了,当别人要把剩下的菜倒掉时你会一嘴把它吃完. (........really?.....。。)

79.You"ve eaten a red bean popsicle。你吃过红豆冰棍

80.You bring oranges (or other produce)with you as a gift when you visit people"s homes。你拜访别人时会带着水果

81.You fight over who pays the dinner bill。你在餐后抢着付帐单。

82.You majored in something practical like engineering,medicine or law。你的主科是实用型的,工程学,机械学或法律。

83.You live with your parents and you are 30years old (and they prefer it that way).Or if you"re married and 30years old,you live in the apartment next door to your parents,or at least in the same neighborhood。你三十岁时还和父母住在一起并且他们也喜欢你这样。或者你已经三十岁并且结婚了,但你还住在父母隔壁或同个小区。

84.You don"t tip more than 10%at a restaurant,and if you do,you tip Chinese delivery guys/waiters more。你不会给超过10%的小费,即使有也是给中国服务员. (靠,我都是给15%的,给10%人家恨死你。可能每个州不一样吧)

85.You have acquired a taste for bitter melon。你爱好吃苦瓜. (我就不爱吃苦瓜,苦瓜汤还可以)

86.You eat every last grain of rice in your bowl,but don"t eat the last piece of food on the table。你吃光碗里的最后一粒米,但不吃盘里的最后一口菜。

87.You know why there are 88reasons。你知道为什么这里有88条。


88.You see the truth in this and then send it to all your Chinese friends。你发觉这里说的都是真的,所以你把它send给你认识的所有中国朋友.
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